Migration and displacement in the name of religion
By : Sarah Taleb Al Souhail
Human were known from the first inception, the way to immigrate and
move from one place to another, searching for food and water sources,
and searching for livelihood in the wide land of God, and it's a
universal law of Allah which human was created on, which explains the
natural movements of people and groups from one place to another both
within the country or outside the borders of each state investigation
for economic gains, scientific or even political.
But humanity itself known other types of forced migration in which
some human beings forced to displacement from their homes either
because of natural disasters such as floods, hurricanes, earthquakes,
volcanoes and others, or the result of human crimes such as wars and
religious and political persecution and ethnic and others.
The human history recorded many tragedies committed by human beings in
their compatriots under many justification, but was notably committed
massacres and crimes against humanity under the pretext and cover of
religious and pays the price of innocent people who are killed by sea,
air and land.
With the proliferation of wars in the Arab region during the last five
years of the third millennium AD, especially in Yemen, Syria, Iraq,
Sudan, and with the ignition wars, fires and terrorism, bloodshed and
destroyed everything and everybody, many of the residents of these
Arab countries forced to migration or displacement to save their lives
after their homes destroyed and their markets and their agriculture
and their trade.
What is currently happening in the Arab countries which are mixed with
the meanings of immigration deportation, which we did not know it,
according to the reality of living, but the forced displacement of
Palestinians from their land when Israel.
Now what Iraq faces the forced displacement inside and outside the
country, including tearing and ripping the heart of national unity.
Now, with a continuous flow of Syrian refugees on the borders of
Europe to escape the destruction of the current war, the issue of
deportation has become a crisis aching conscience of mankind in the
East and the West and has become the focus of attention of
researchers, which prompted me to look at the crisis of displacement
experienced by many of the peoples and individuals in ancient times
and modern.
The definition of Immigration
Migration means the movement of a person or group of persons from
their place of residence to another place in search of a livelihood or
for a better life with the intention of staying in this new place for
a long time and not travel or temporary visit, the structure, and the
right of movement that is guaranteed to anyone under the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights.
Replacement in language
Immigrated to/ infinitive of migrated: but displacement in the recent
Dictionary of Arabic Language, it's a singular word, feminine noun: [
singular] and the meaning of displacement in the recent Arabic
Dictionary Language, means the expulsion of people from their homes
and villages, or their country, what is known today forced
displacement, refers to displacement by forced displacement.
The colonist replaced people from their lands:- He took him out from
his country: Wars displaced the whole villages.
The displacement known as an associated practice with somewhat
cleansing, intolerant towards ethnic or religious group against
several groups in order to evacuate the territory of the State of the
elite group of people or a particular category.
Causes of migration
There are many causes of migration according to the amount of the
immigrants, but there are humanity common causes for migration:
1- Poverty: One of the main causes of migration, especially for those
who are looking to move from third world countries to developed
countries.
2- Dire economic conditions and widespread unemployment and famine.
3- Authoritarian rule arbitrary and political systems of oppression
and lack of freedom and the fear of the ruling authority in these
cases.
4- Religious extremism in some communities and the persecution of
religious and sectarian minorities who took the growth and
proliferation in many parts of the world, including some Arab
countries, and carry out terrorist acts against minorities, which were
the results migration of at least two-thirds of the Christian citizens
of Iraq who are indigenous citizens in that country since thousands of
years.
5- Racial and sectarian and religious discrimination practiced by some
regimes and societies.
6- Ethnic cleansing, massacres and genocide, as happened in the years
of the world wars in some countries, was hit entire peoples to forced
displacement and emptied their towns and villages of the indigenous
people who were displaced in all parts of the world.
Displacement in contemporary legal literature
Forced displacement here output of man from his homeland and expelled
or transferred often meant a heavy force to distant places. The
International Organization for Migration defined this type of
migration as an escape to get rid of persecution or armed conflicts,
natural disasters and man-made, or environmental degradation, or any
other status displays of human life, freedom and ways of livelihood in
jeopardy.
It is under this kind of displacement..
The expulsion of Christians and the transfer of their towns and
villages in southeast Turkey during World War I and it's aftermath, as
received by Syria and gave them citizenship.
And the United Nations has announced that the number of forced
migrants at the present time is higher than ever after the Second
World War
And the number has risen from
51 million to 60 million
And the main cause is the war in Syria and Iraq.
International Organization for Refugees (UNHCR) has announced that
1 from all of 122 human is now one of refugees or internal homeless or
an asylum seeker.
Let us take a look at examples and models of contemporary and other
historical forced migration
The migration of the Jews captivity
It is a displacement of the Jews in Babylonian and Assyrian eras
oldest manifestations of forced displacement in human history, linked
to the idea of deportation and exile and Diaspora Jews captivity, so
they formed the core of the doctrine of personal diaspora Judaism over
the centuries.
For the first Diaspora Jews began after the division of the unified
kingdom led by Suleiman into two kingdoms, the northern one, with its
capital of Samaria, and the other South and its capital Jerusalem
(Some of which was written by one of the kings of the Assyrian State
King Sennacherib ) and most of the history books and Inscriptions that
found on mud and sheetrock, It stresses that the first presence of
Jews in the land of ancient Iraq was in the sixth century BC, that's
when the transfer of the Assyrians to ancient Assyria Iraq area Jews
in the ancient land of Palestine in three successive campaigns against
Israel and Judah were more than four hundred thousand people.
After the fall of the Assyrian state, and the advent of the Babylonian
state, famous for the Jewish Babylonian captivity occurred at the
hands of King Nebuchadnezzar II, the most famous kings of this state.
The Babylonian captivity of the Jews in two campaigns: the first in
597 BC and the second in the year 586 BC, signed the first when King
Rebellion (Joakim), king of Judah (608-597q.m) to (Nebuchad nezzar),
After he showed his obedience and undergoing the King Chaldean, waging
a 'Nebuchadnezzar' the year 597 BC campaign (Joakim), and laid siege
to Jerusalem, but the (Joakim) died during the siege succeeded by his
son (Jehoiachin) who was forced to surrender Vsby 'Nebuchad nezzar
'All the Jews of Jerusalem and all the princes and all the mighty men
of valor, and ten thousand boy and all the craftsmen and Alokien, not
left anyone, also(Jehoiachin) and his mother and his wives and his men
were captured from Jerusalem to Babylon, and go out (Nebuchad nezzar)
All cases (house of God) and the treasures of the king house and break
all the vessels of gold, then locate the 'Sedekiah' uncle 'Jehoiachin'
who confirmed his loyalty to the king, conqueror successor to
Jehoiachin.
The second man captivity of the Jews in 586 BC, after it set aside
'Sedekiah' to the Pledge of Allegiance to 'Nebuchad nezzar' he came in
about the year 589 BC, in alliance with the Syrian and Palestinian
cities at the instigation of 'Hovra' king of Egypt, who was aspiring
to regain control Egypt, Syria, Thus the situation 'Sedekiah' fate in
Egypt and its allies became angry 'Nebuchad nezzar' outrage, this time
by himself and came on top of a strong campaign to northern Syria and
Askar in the 'calf' on the Orontes River, and that was the year 587
BC.
The king sent 'Nebuchad nezzar' of besieged Jerusalem, but the entry
of 'Geoffra' king of Egypt to Palestine forced the Babylonians to lift
the siege of the fight, Clean Jewish victory was their ally, but the
Babylonians were able to repel the Egyptians and sent back on the back
foot and then re-extend its siege on Jerusalem, on the spot.
It was not long until the outbreak of famine and perhaps the epidemic
in the city, the Jews were forced to bow and surrender, entered the
armies of the Babylonian city on the fourth day of the month of July
in 586 BC, while the 'Sedekiah' fled, he and members of his family,
but the Babylonians to caught up with him in the plains of Jericho,
where caught him and carried him to a 'calf' camp, where the
headquarters of King Nebuchad nezzar, there are slaughtered his
children in front of his eyes, and then gouged out his eyes and took a
shackled with the captives to Babylon, but Jerusalem was destroyed and
completely destroyed ( The House of the Lord), and the king's house
and all the houses of Jerusalem, and all the great houses and looted
safes and taken to Babylon, and estimated the preparation of the
prisoners who had been led to Babylon to join the Jews the first of
the captivity of about 50,000 people.
Migrations of the prophets and the righteous
The migrations of the prophets and apostles and righteous were the
ideal immigration to spread
Call unification and to keep the debt from the machinations and killed
the prophets before their messages of their Lord. It is the most
famous migration of Noah, Abraham, Lot, Saleh Mohammed, Moses, peace
be upon them.
And migration in the history of the former prophets was caused by the
threat of expulsion and exile as one of the forms of abuse that faced
former prophets and their followers, and what is still the main reason
when tyrants to hurt preachers, and still isolation or exile is the
way of spoilers to keep reformers.
Noah when he got sick of tricks after he called his people day and
night, secretly and openly, however, did not respond but became more
insistent on infidelity and escape from the faith, was the ship that
brought the faithful where he settled on Judi that God destroyed the
unbelievers and drown them.
And subjected the father of the prophets Abraham Hebron, stoning and
expulsion after he smashed the idols, and made several migrations of
the first migration of his people after they were determined to
liquidate and get rid of him and call the ugliest and most brutal,
burn with fire, but God flipped over their tricks on them, and
protected his Prophet from them, and make death and ill the fate of
the world and the Hereafter them, God sais: [ They said, “Burn him and
support your gods – if you are to act* Allah said, “O fire, be
coolness and safety upon Abraham* And they intended for him harm, but
We made them the greatest losers * And We delivered him and Lot to
the land which We had blessed for the worlds * And We gave him Isaac
and Jacob in addition, and all [of them] We made righteous * And We
made them leaders guiding by Our command. And We inspired to them ]
After reaching the end point in the intensity came relief and escape,
and the consequence of good in this world and the hereafter God also
said [And they intended for him a plan, but We made them the most
debased * And [then] he said, “Indeed, I will go to [where I am
ordered by] my Lord; He will guide me], then he mentioned God
preaching Ishmael and what happened to him the story of the trials
vision slaughtered, and how it passed the consequent good penalty,
then the Annunciation Isaac, who preached the gospel in conjunction
with Jacob as in another verse.
The Prophet Shuaib - peace be upon him - threatened directing from his
people and his country, otherwise…
(Said the eminent ones who were arrogant among his people, “We will
surely evict you, O Shu’ayb, and those who have believed with you from
our city, or you must return to our religion.” He said, “Even if we
were unwilling)
Al Araaf 88
Lot - peace be upon him - either that ends up inviting people to the
right or get out: (They said, “If you do not desist, O Lot, you will
surely be of those evicted ) and Lot didn't end, but he announced:
(He said, “Indeed, I am, toward your deed, of those who detest it )
what it was only the output, arguing that they are people who purified
: (But the answer of his people was not except that they said, “Expel
the family of Lot from your city. Indeed, they are people who keep
themselves pure ) Al Naml 56, The revelation came Lot peace be upon
him ordered immigration, leaving these rebellious village.
In the story of the young believers caveman designed the boys on
immigration and the retirement of their people for fear of stoning or
discord about religion: ([The youths said to one another], “And when
you have withdrawn from them and that which they worship other than
Allah , retreat to the cave. Your Lord will spread out for you of His
mercy) Al Kahf 16, after they went to the cave and slept in it three
hundred years, adding nine and then woke up did not forget what awaits
them from the torment of their people if they found them: (Indeed, if
they come to know of you, they will stone you or return you to their
religion. And never would you succeed, then – ever) Al Kahf 20.
Demand for the migration of Mary Jesus peace be upon them to Egypt
also it came, so that Jesus peace be upon him after he brought his
mother from Bethlehem, is his birth to her village of Nasareth and God
showed His miracles, the Strongman Hidroos had ordered the killing of
the children born in Bethlehem, when told to them to become a reason
for the destruction of his property, as he had done before him Alnmrod
and Pharaoh, and learned that his mother wants to kill him he
commissioned Saleh Yousef the carpenter men and smuggled into Egypt.
Mahammad Immigration
Muhammadiyah to the prophet Mohammed bin Abdullah from Mecca to
Medina, the highest degrees of dishonest immigration the name of
religion and to protect religion immigration form but published after
it encountered hostility has a serious Quraish and stakeholders who
were afraid of the influence of the Islamic religion Alwaleed on their
trade and their gains worldly, as his supporters encountered all kinds
brutal torture to Friedrichshafen for the religion of God and bring
them back to paganism and ignorance.
Has intensified the torment that was practiced by the Quraysh against
the most vulnerable of the faithful, and months brutal forms of
torture Bilal Yasir stories and toxicity and their son, Ammar, who
said about them Prophet Mohammad "Al Yasser be patient, that time,
Paradise"
Was associated with torture faithful to the message of Muhammadiyah
economic blockade deadly, when I felt the Quraysh their inability to
stop the extension of the Islamic call in spite of all kinds of
torment they practiced against Muslims, have resorted to the
imposition of an economic blockade of the Bani Hashim and the Muslims
deprive them of the basic necessities of life, and prevent them from
contacting one of the Arab Muslims to live in isolated from the world,
as the body of this document agreeing to write the paper that hung in
the middle of Kaaba to deprive Muslims of the simplest human rights.
Under this document Muslims lived human tragedy until they threatened
to eat the foliage of the severity of hunger, as this document
prevented between Muslims and contact with Arabs in the few religious
seasons, which suffocates the delivery of the Islamic Dawa Arab
efforts and imposed on Muslims isolation and deprivation of any form
of freedom and mobility and worship pure for God's sake the Generous.
These reasons and many others forced the Prophet Muhammad God bless
him and ordered the Muslims to leave their homes and emigrate to
Yathrib, 'Messenger of Allah City'
And keep the story of the migration of the Prophet of Islam humanly
lesson continued through the intervening dates in human life,
especially when the Prophet came out in disguise for his enemies and
the enemies of religion, accompanied by friend Abu Bakr and the story
of their hiding in the cave to protect them from the chase the
Quraishs, critics of the Prophet and kill him in order to eliminate
the Islamic religion and brought him, meaning humanist, that confirms
the owners of the principles of the prophets and apostles and humans
truthful should stumble across the most types of harassment,
persecution and pursuit under the pretext of protection of pagan gods,
but in reality it was the persecution of political and economic name
of religion to achieve economic and political, including the interests
of Quraish maintain its leadership of the Arab tribes, and to maintain
trade Winning that were taking place in Mecca seasons circling Kaaba.
In the era of
Philip II and third in Spain 'Al Andalus', was the displacement of
large numbers of Almorckyin Muslims and Jews, and the good of Muslims
between incomes in the Catholic, and follow their habits in food
appearance and lifestyle, or be subjected to torture, murder and
forced displacement, and the confiscation of their property.
Although this forced migration are not indigenous to the children of
the nation, but the colonists of migrants according to their
classification by the people of Spain Christians
The conquerors are religious point of view
Thus Europe was out of date before it pursues curriculum and
humanitarian law, which guarantees human rights to choose his religion
and doctrine and belief. When we'll get to this approach.
Nazism extermination of the Jews
At the end of the nineteenth century, the Nazis began to look to
themselves as the highest human beings, after Germany's defeat in the
First World War, reached a maximum of anti-Semitism.
Following the spiraling rise of the Nazi party, Hitler was appointed
chancellor of Germany in January 1933, and began to lay the
foundations for the Nazi state in the light of the principles of
racist and authoritarian.
German authorities began the elimination of Jews working in government
agencies and state facilities through the Civil Service Law, was the
province of Jewish shops, and more than 2000 version of the law and
the decree against them.
It was tens of thousands of Jews imprisoned in concentration camps,
which described the death camps, and imposed fines on them, and
confiscated their property and possessions were destroyed, mostly.
The Jews began to emigrate from Germany in large numbers, and the
Nazis deported Jews in areas under German control areas, and after the
occupation of Poland in 1939, is no longer the displacement of three
million Polish Jews possible, and led to a search for other plans to
"solve the Jewish problem".
Jews were limited in their own places by the Germans, and signed under
forced labor, starvation, operations and sometimes arbitrary
executions, was the evacuation of entire areas of the Jews and raised
slogans of "free of Jews".
In 1941 was the killing of large numbers of Jews, and began mass
executions in the extermination camps in Poland, where it was six
extermination or death camps, after the arrival of the camp did not
expect that the detainee lived for more than 24 hours, and knew the
Nazi genocide through operations extermination of the disabled and
maimed who decided to exterminate them by injection, starvation, along
with the launch of collective fire, so we came to the gas chambers and
killed by carbon monoxide.
The tragedy of displacement of Palestinians
The crime of forced displacement of Palestinians from their land in
1948 at the hands of the Zionists, forced displacement of the worst
crimes in modern history, where the Zionists in 1948 of committing
massacres against the unarmed Palestinian people and expelled by force
of arms residents of 530 towns and villages and seized their land. The
Zionists committed more than 35 massacre to happen for them to seize
Palestine.
Only 89 per cent "Israeli" files recently published that showed
Palestinian villages were displaced it's family as a result of
military action Zionism and abandoned the 10 per cent of the
Palestinians because of the psychological war pursued by the enemy,
"Israel" against the population of fomenting terror in them, and 1
percent of the folks decided to migrate willingly.
According to statistics of the Palestinian Return Centre, and
according to "Israeli files" The number of villages depopulated
because of the expulsion at the hands of Israeli forces 122 Village,
and the abandonment of the population of 270 village because of the
direct Israeli military offensive and 38 villages depopulated because
of fear of an Israeli attack vector towards the villages and 49
village because the impact of the fall of the nearby city and 12
villages because of the psychological war and emigrated residents of
six villages because of the optional exit. And 34 abandoned village
for some unknown reason. Thus, in 1948 the number of villages
depopulated 531 Palestinian villages. Palestinian refugees according
to international laws is all Palestinians expelled from the place of
normal residence in Palestine in 1948 or later, or went out for
whatever reason did not allow him to "Israel" to return to his former
homeland, and remains the refugee retains this capacity that goes back
to his native.
Although the occurrence of wars and raids ground and air kit, despite
the occupation and displacement, it is still 88 per cent of the
Palestinians living on the historical land of Palestine and the border
strip adjacent to Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and others are distributed
between Europe and America and Arab countries as refugees and later
became citizens.
The tragedy of Palestinian people continued in 59 camps officially
live in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and Gaza Strip. The
camp, according to UNRWA's definition is' a piece of land be - either
governmental or, in most cases hired by the host governments from
local landlords - and put at the disposal of UNRWA aid to Palestinian
refugees in facilitating their basic needs, and can not for the camp
residents have this land, but have the right to take advantage of them
habitable.
The advantage of the social and economic conditions of the camps are
generally high population density, poverty and difficult living
conditions, poor infrastructure like streets, malls and sewage
networks level. UNRWA is responsible for providing the necessary
services and supervision to ensure to the population of the camps by
the Office of the existing services in the camp, but they let the
responsibility for camp management and security of the host
governments.
When signed a setback in 1967 were displaced Palestinians again, those
displaced fired on them the term 'displaced' to distinguish them from
itinerant 1948. The displaced refugees, so they carry double the
recipe as a result of their displacement twice, it has been among the
displaced people in 1967, a group of refugees who have resided in the
West Bank or the Gaza Strip and were forced by the 1967 war to
emigrate again.
The displacement of the people of Bosnia
Bosnian Muslims were subjected, the most terrible human tragedy, the
worst ethnic cleansing in Europe process after the Second World War,
where more than eight thousand Bosnians were killed in the genocide in
the 'Srebrenica', in addition to the massacres, torture, and
displacement experienced Bosnian cities, particularly the capital,
Sarajevo.
And it began the Bosnian war's bloody, after Bosnia and Herzegovina's
independence in a referendum organized in the period between February
29 and March 1, 1992, with the division of Yugoslavia, and continued
fighting until 1995 and claimed of killing about 100 thousand people,
mostly Bosnians, and suffered nearly 50 thousand women raped, and
forced some two million people to leave their homes.
The displacement of Shiites continuing operations
Iraq's Shiites and faced several crimes of forced displacement. In
1969, the abandonment of the Baathist regime nearly 60 thousand Shiite
from Iraq under the pretext of being Iranian, although they are Iraqi
citizens have been displaced in the most horrendous image where
confiscated their property and possessions. The first displacement
campaign started in late April 1969 m in Kadhimiya, Baghdad and then
on May 5 of that year included the displacement of Najaf and Samarra
and Karbala campaign and a number of Iraqi cities and other cities.
In January 1971 began a campaign for a second displacement continued
until 1975, where he abandoned in this period more than 100 thousand
is home to the Iraqi Shiite Iran of various classes and circles on
charges of belonging to an Iranian assets.
Iraqi President Saddam Hussein deported and the displacement of a
million Iraqis before the start of the Iran-Iraq war under the pretext
they are Iranian dependency and learned, Iraq and the days of the
Ottoman occupation Sunnis and Shiites which have dependency phrase
Ottoman nationality, while the imposition of a certain category of the
wrath of the Ottoman Empire, especially Kurds Faili can write on their
nationalities is a dependency with Iran they did not know where Iran
is already all of whom were born in Iraq and Iraqi nationality.
Saddam took advantage of this phrase and has deported a million Iraqi
Shi'ite Iran after the confiscation of all their movable and immovable
property, especially Shiites traders who were rounded up under the
pretext of extending trade agencies in the Chamber of Commerce were
arrested and deported.
And to displace the Shiites historical examples of the depth of the
displacement of Shiites in the Ayyubi era
What happened to kill and invasion of privacy and the burning of
libraries and mosques
And the displacement of Shiites from Kufa in the Umayyad era, and in
Yemen, led by the Besr Ben Artoh During the reign of Al-Hajjaj ibn
Yusuf.
But at the moment
Since the occupation of Iraq, Iraq had witnessed the Iraq sow strife
and hatred among the Iraqi people processes which created enmity with
them and spread the spirit of revenge when the terrorist attacks began
rising gradually and peaked after the disaster Samarra bombings in
Karbala and Najaf and the Shiite holy places, began the phenomenon of
displacement between regions and classification of regions on a
sectarian basis. And it increased in Shiite areas adjacent to areas of
Sunni such as Tal Afar, which saw the forced displacement of the
Shiites.
The infection moved to the capital Baghdad over the threat of murder
and kidnapping for adults and children processes which led to the
flight of people from their areas to safer areas
You can receive thousands of displaced people from the homes they
lived in them since times long past even the number of displaced
families has become documented according to the latest statistics of
the Ministry of Displacement and Migration of more than 35 thousand
and 593 family.
What happened in Dujail and Spyker of terrorist operations have led to
the displacement of populations and smuggled to different areas.
All of this is in the scheme, which has been preparing for it before
the invasion of Iraq in 2003 the interest, and carried out
systematically according to specific mechanisms.
Iraq to weaken the power and ease of control and fragmentation in
preparation for split.
And I hope to heed the warnings and the Gulf Arab states, which saw
and lived with the results of racism and sectarian and led him from
the fragmentation of social and moral rift in the security of
belonging and citizenship to prevail justice and equality among
citizens of different sects and religious affiliation or ethnic
background
. Security and stability based on justice and equality in rights and
duties among the people and the persecution of a particular category
will lead to results that do not have dire consequences.
The migration, which was forced upon the people of Medina by the
Ottomans before 93 years was the aim of building a railway for Muslim
pilgrims to Mecca
And may the researcher Ahmed Amin guide, review of thousands of
documents collected during the fifty years of historical testimony to
the plight of 'Safarberlk'.
The researcher said on what this legacy mass displacement process
through the Hijaz train while dispersed among families and theft and
was buried a lot of manuscripts, instruments, gold and coins, were
dragged and their wives and their children together or scattered to
the Hijaz train carriages to be thrown randomly in Iraq and Turkey's
social and family negative effects Jordan and Syria.
Armenian genocide and displacement
While the Ottoman authorities, decided in the May 27 / May of 1915,
the displacement of Armenians living in war zones, and transferred to
other areas within the territory of the Ottoman Empire.
The researchers estimated the number of Armenian victims between 1
million and 1.5 million people
Where he was accused of massacres in this Sultan Abdul Hamid II
And when one of the persons belonging to the Armenian Revolutionary
Party (Tashenaq)
The attempted assassination of the sultan in 1905
Sultan pretended to pardon him
But on the other hand the impact of this incident, the subversion of
the Young Turk movement in 1908 avenged other massacres, notably the
massacre of Adana, which killed about 30,000 Armenians
In Cilicia.
This displacement was not only cruel as a decision disarm thousands of
families from their homes and their homes and their property, but has
been in terrifying conditions and mountainous terrain and barren
desert. It died about 75% of the displaced and leave the rest in the
deserts of visible Sham.
Displacement of Circassians and Chechens
Ethnic cleansing of Circassians began almost
Before the end of the war in 1864 and completed in the seventies of
the twentieth century.
And the Russian government, represented by the Russian army may have
forced the Circassians to leave their mountain villages that are
called the mountainous due to their residence on the slopes, and took
them to the ports of the Black Sea ships to take them sent by the
Ottoman Empire to take them to their territory.
Where it is said that it was the Ottoman Empire sought after to send
the ships to receive more Circassians help them
It wanted to use them as an attack against the Christian population
during the Russian-Turkish war, which has accused the Ottoman Empire
at the time the Armenians of siding with Russia.
But the Ottomans gave them the choice to emigrate to the Ottoman
Empire or stay in Russia away from their land, and most of them chose
to leave because of
wars waged by the Russians on the Circassians and Chechens since the
mid-eighteenth century and caused their killing and displacement and
the ravages.
Where confirms Gen. Zeersman, and Prince Braatnski two of the leaders
in the Russian saved their report in the Russian government archives:
"Circassians have been uprooted during the valleys and foothills of
the mountains to all the horrors of genocide, war and the types of
violence and deprivation, hunger and disease.
The displacement of Christian of Mosul
After the occupation of Iraq has worsened the situation of minorities
in Iraq, including Christians and their churches to come under several
attacks, it was the most violent ones that targeted churches in
Baghdad and Mosul on August 3, 2004 which killed 15 and injured
dozens. Also it resulted in the control of al-Qaeda on the parts of
the city and the battle that followed in November 2004 to the
displacement of large numbers of them out of the city. Also it has
been targeted a number of Christian clergy, the exodus of Christians
from Mosul to continue the Nineveh plain areas in the wake of these
incidents.
The estimated human rights organizations, the total number of about
12,000 displaced people after a series of armed attacks on areas with
Christianity density in the northern city of Mosul in 2008, these
attacks have led to dozens of deaths and the displacement of most of
the Christians from the northern city of Mosul to Christian villages
in the Nineveh Plain and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
As the abandonment of the Christians of Mosul city in less than 48
hours after being imposed on them Daesh 'Islamic State in Iraq and the
Levant' this deadline, and without taking anything, as extracted from
them all their possessions before they leave the scene.
In the name of religion, seized the organization 'Daesh' self-styled
caliphate in the region on June 10, 2014 on Mosul, Iraq's second city,
escaped several thousand of the population, including the Christians
of the city towards Kurdistan. And only to be returned after that
assured them their religion the people who did not leave the place to
treat 'Daesh' for Christians. But they have migrated all of them
before the deadline about Kurdistan and northern Nineveh province,
whose capital Mosul.
The deputy for the Christian component Yunadem Kanna, that what is
happening in Mosul, the displacement of the right of the Christian
component operations as a crime against humanity, destruction and
ethnic cleansing.
According to media sources, the organization 'Daesh' robbed and looted
all holdings and property of Christian families after their
displacement from their home areas and their homes in the city of
Mosul, and did not allow them to make something of their belongings
even the golden earring of Christian women.
The displacement of Christians in Arab countries
From their homes where they have lived for centuries in the light
Building citizenship on religious principals
To shorten the Muslims, but what a dump the concept of 'identity' of
the content of citizenship and belonging, about his religious base of
loyalty which led to the migration of many Christian families to
Europe and America in search of safety and equality of opportunity and
a dignified life.
The religious extremism, which is reflected in the sometimes social
deal and hurtful phrases and classifications based on sectarian
grounds of religious rights are classified according to the citizen
believes the spiritual and personal relationship with our Lord.
And from
Examples historically displacement, what he did early Muslims, when he
abandoned the 'Christians of Najran' of their country in the Arabian
Peninsula, to the land allocated for them in the Levant
It is worth to remind
That Christianity has suffered in all ages and in the New Testament as
the second and third centuries represented in Romania and persecutions
of Nero as the persecution forms of persecution, which included a fire
of Rome, and Dhumicjnos which lasted thirty-seven-year-old.
Since the issuance of the decree the expulsion of Christians from Rome
around the year 58 and until the year 312
Because of the faith of Christians in Jesus and refusing to worship
the Roman emperor and his army service in the eyes of the government,
they were disobedient represent a real threat to the state and the
emperor's divinity.
The displacement of Kurds
In different eras
The displacement of Kurds from their areas to try to erase their
cultural identity and integrate them into different zones An Iraqi to
cut ties to their language and their heritage
The feeling of injustice and conspiracy against your nationalism
affiliation enhances and creates adverse reactions to defend the
heritage and ancestral ties to the land and the language and the
right.
Former regime in Iraq, specifically in the seventies and eighties of
the last century, has confiscated the property of Kurdish families in
the district of Khanaqin, an estimated hundreds of families, 90 km
north of Baquba, and its suburbs, including the Jalawla, it has been
sold and given to others
As for what happened in Hellbjh of genocide
Bombed by cyanide gas, which led to the deaths of more than 5,500
Kurds from the city's residents. It led to the migration of people who
have suffered illnesses and deformities of the impact of these toxins.
In 2013 the population displacement of Kurds from Tel white / Cree
city of captivity in Raqqa province, northeast of Syria, by Daesh free
and the army is also a kind of doctrinal dispute the fact that these
regulations are based on a radical and warped religious ideology
Daesh practices and deportation of Kurds Syrian citizens.
In Ain Al Arab-Kobani-area villages and more than 65,000 Syrian
Kurdish citizens into the Turkish territories
And what Daesh organization terrorist acts of violence and forced
displacement of civilians in the Kurdish city of Raqqa,
And organizing an attack on the city of Kobani Daesh horrific
massacres carried out against the Kurds in Kobani which led to the
migration and forced displacement of Kurds.
Previously displacement of Faili Kurds in Taha Yassin Ramadan meeting,
which is to bring the merchants of Faili Kurds from the back door of
the meeting room, and headed for their bus and immediately, to the
Iraqi-Iranian border to expel them from their homeland of Iraq,
including their clothes only and topple Iraqi nationality them and
half million Kurds Philly else, under a unique decision, issued by the
Revolutionary command dissolved Council No. 666 dated 05.07.1980 and
published in the official newspaper Al Waqae No. 2776, was stripped
of all property and homes, and supporting documents and their
companies and their shops and factories producing.
The displacement of the Yazidis
In Iraq it is currently facing tens of thousands of Alosideh minority
of women and children in northern Iraq Sinjar Mountains of starvation
after fleeing their homes to protect their lives after he had been
subjected to abuses and massacres carried out by religious groups
proclaimed an Islamic caliphate in large parts of Syria and Iraq after
being sentenced to fatwas legalized their blood and their honor and
many of them were killed. And media sources mentioned that they were
buried alive by the name of religion and Islam, Yezidi were exposure
to a wide displacement operation because fatwas atonement and get out
of religion.
The suffering of the Yezidis of displacing and killing, is not new, it
was pointed out, and documented historical sources Asideh first
extermination campaign during the reign of the Abbasid Caliph Mu'tasim
continued campaigns against the Yazidis peaked during the Ottoman rule
after the fatwa passed by killing them issued by the Mufti of
Constantinople 'Abu Saud Al Emadi' During the reign Ottomans for Iraq
the governors of Iraq Ottomans in several campaigns against the
Yazidis have suffered collective massacres by the Turks during the
Armenian massacres and rolled extermination campaigns and torture
during the twentieth century Iraqi royal army has led a clampdown,
during and after the declaration of the Republic, during the rule of
Saddam Hussein suffered Yazidis and Kurds in northern Iraq campaigns
killing and harassment and displacement knew Anfal campaigns.
Displace Sunni Arabs
Sunni Arabs in Iraq was not spared from torture, religious persecution
and sectarian displacement, where he began to displace the operations
in Iraq after the occupation in 2003 from the South, where I saw the
old Basra and Abu Khasib, Zubair, stronghold displace Organization
against Sunni Arabs operations, and spread to other parts of the
country, which is still continues to date.
According to political analysts, the displacement of the year aimed at
dividing Iraq into sectarian, states
In 2003 and beyond, he has been fighting the so-called Sunni Triangle
'which was as representing the headwaters of the Iraqi resistance to
the American occupation forces in Iraq under the pretext of terrorism
and harboring militants coming from different countries to the war in
Iraq.
The sons of the Sunni component were the innocent victims, and carried
out the genocide in the very brutality against Sunnis in the
neighborhoods of Baghdad, Diyala, Basra, Anbar, Tamim
As a result also of the persecution and abuse and murder, he emigrated
many Sunnis out of Iraq or to the Sunni provinces completely, Arab
Sunnis in Iraq are subjected to crimes of kidnapping and killing and
genocide on religious sectarian lines. Located Sunni tribes under the
weight of forced displacement and implement physical violations
against Sunni Arabs, including the murders of up to ethnic cleansing,
looting and stealing and smashing homes level.
Militias systematically or individual also plays a role in the spread
of violence between people and tuck greed or personal feuds at the
heart of the basic national issues.
As Seen Daesh in the northern Sunni areas of western Iraq and led to
the oppression of innocent visits twice a year to organize Daesh
terrorist who occupied their lands and robbed of their money and
forced them by force on the presence among them and killing and death
anyone who does not bow to their orders
Again, while the wronged people to host Daesh charges and complicity
with him because of a few splinter innocent Sunnis who conspired with
the terrorist organization
And in any case it has become a victim when the Sunnis have lost the
safety and displaced from their homes and their interests, their work
and their jobs and their livelihoods
And was forced migration
Sunnis in Iraq in phases due to the migration of Daesh and escape from
the organization that persecuted and tire them
And migration while clearing areas of Daesh by the military and the
civil and military build-up.
What happened in Anbar and Fallujah and Haditha, Mosul, and Salahuddin
and Diyala province and country.
Records showed that the annexation of the two provinces 11 and 12 to
spend the country after they were belonging to the hand of Yathrib,
while classified Tall Al Thahab zone inhabited by Sunni tribal
military zone, and keep track of Yathrib Balad in Salahuddin province,
was later to sign a document to resolve the outstanding issues in the
region ends the return of families displaced in these areas.
That religious and sectarian racism led to the creation of social
tension and the moral and educational
And transmits the spirit of hostility and hatred.
Justice is the basis of ruling
Nor should any citizen has the right to feel that they have a
preference not in words and not really, and not even the intellectual
belief.
Assessing the citizen is not his race and his religion and doctrine,
but of belonging and citizenship and work for the benefit of his
country and his people
And I hope that the Arab countries or non-Arab who form the minority
Sunnis that do justice to the minorities and give everyone his rights
as a citizen enjoys full rights like his brother citizens of other
communities.
Deportation of Ahwaz Arabs
Ahwaz Arabs Ahwaz subjected to forced displacement, where 1.2 million
Arab residents of Ahvaz County in Iran deported to other regions
within the country, bringing in 1.5 million non-Arabs in their place.
According to the Ahwaz Human Rights Organization, the head of the
region's population robbed of their land and set up by many of the
settlements after being confiscated by the Iranian authorities of the
Arabs.
The province of Ahwaz live tragic situations where that since the
start of implementation of the first phase of the ethnic cleansing
project in 1999, And dubbed in Farsi name 'Azmaah Srzmina' means
'ground for experimentation', were deported nearly 1.2 million Arab
Ahwazi forcibly returned to the central provinces and in return were
brought nearly 1.5 million of non-Arabs, especially Persians to Ahvaz
County, It was brokered by the government resettled in settlements
such as Ramin 1, 2 and 3 and the settlement of 'Shirin month' built on
confiscated Arab land along housed in pockets within the Arab cities,
Kalooguz capital and fries and Abadan and Alkhvajip and the port of
Bandar-e Mahshahr and Omidiyeh. He stressed that these practices are
carried out by the Iranian authorities aimed at stripping the Arab
population in the marsh of the national and cultural identity and the
elimination of Arabic language and culture.
Last word
Keep operations forced displacement deployed in our Arab countries
currently of any kind and the source of threat to peace, the people of
this region and threatens the cultural survival of the human and the
impact of demographic and social changes, Especially since the
displacement associated with ethnic cleansing as defined by
international legal agreements that 'ethnic cleansing to expel the
residents strongly undesirable from a special province on the back of
race or strategic political or religious discrimination or ideological
considerations or mixed backgrounds mentioned. This is carried out
using armed force and the policy of intimidation or through arrests,
assassinations, and push for forcible deportation to blur the
cultural, linguistic and ethnic privacy that place, through the final
elimination of ethnic or dissolve in the ocean, which is intended for
him to prevail. The ultimate goal is to control the areas inhabited by
the group that is being displace.
This legal definition applies perfectly to what is happening in our
Arab countries amid global ignored, but with the participation of some
of the major international players, which benefit from the
fragmentation of the region and sow discord and differences schemes.
And human history confirms that the unity of the people and not to
convert their differences to differences but believe that this
diversity in the homeland fabric is made of earth worth the risk
When we are convinced that the land belongs to God and not to one
class will teach the confessional and sectarian extremism and what is
only a tool for genocide and vandalism.
Love and acceptance of others and not selfish elements of the only
power in the face of displacement, the name of religion and the
preservation of human and peoples from extinction.
And last but not least, it must cancel all matters relating to
religion and creed and caste identities and identification papers and
passports
And re-integration of citizens of all stripes work of joint cultural
and commercial and humanitarian activities, deliberate and intentional
re trust and love and brotherhood among the people.
And always to remember that if God wanted us to be one nation in one
way and one race and the doctrine of one religion, will not fail to
God about it.
(And if your Lord had willed, He could have made mankind one
community; but they will not cease to differ ) Hud 118
Sarah taleb Alsouhail
